Name: Pasta con le Sarde
Prep time: 10 min
Cook time: 10 min
Total time: 20 min
Ingredients: 1 bunch (about 6 baby fennel bulbs with their fronds); 1 to 1 1/4 pounds fresh sardines (cleaned, scaled, deboned, and roughly chopped (or 2 tins of canned sardines)); extra virgin olive oil; 1 medium onion (finely diced); 3 salt-cured anchovies; 1/2 cup white wine; 1 pound pasta (bucatini, spaghetti, or linguini); 1/4 cup toasted pine nuts; 1/4 cup raisins or currants; sea salt and freshly ground black pepper; toasted breadcrumbs for garnish; lemon zest

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Pasta con le Sarde could be one of the most Sicilian recipes ever created. Wonderful during the holidays or any night of the week.

If there is one recipe that sums up all of Sicily for me, it has to be pasta with wild fennel and sardines. Pasta con le sarde (pasta with sardines) is a dish so subtle, mysterious, and harmonious.

Pasta con le sarde is called pasta chi sardi in Sicilian dialect, and this recipe magically brings together very distinct Arabic ingredients, creating a quintessential Sicilian pasta recipe.

What most Americans don’t know is that many Italian recipes (mostly, Italian-American dishes)that Italians grew up eating in the States, have origins in Sicily (and in the other regions where the immigrants came from, like Campania and Calabria).

Pasta con le Sarde-Feast of the Seven Fishes

Originally published December 2020 and updated on December 2021. I made this dish in December 2015 for a Feast of the Seven Fishes menu with fellow bloggers. I thought you would enjoy something authentic SICILIAN for your Christmas Eve.

The combination of the salty Mediterranean sardines with the delicate bitterness of the wild green fennel is so unique. But it doesn’t end there. The unique flavor combinations continues with the addition of sweet raisins (and if you’re lucky to be in Sicily, probably your own sun dried sweet grapes), pine nuts and a touch of saffron (leftover from the Moors that invaded from Spain). All of these incredible flavors are finished off with the fruity Sicilian extra-virgin olive oil (that I can’t live without!).

Other Sicilian recipes I love are the Sicilian Fennel and Orange Salad and the Sicilian Savoiardi Cookies

You can find a remnant from various invasions of Sicily all in this one dish. Pasta con le sarde is the pasta dish that connects me to my history, to my Sicilian heritage. This is one of many Sicilian dishes that connects me to my family and who I am.

Feast of the Seven Fishes Menu for Christmas Eve

Brought to America from Southern Italy where it is all now but forgotten, the Feast of the Seven Fishes is a meal eaten by Italian-Americans that features (at least) seven fish/seafood dishes. Along with our hosts, myself, and Heather from All Roads Lead to the Kitchen, some bloggers have gotten together to share menu ideas for your Seven Fishes feast.

Along with the traditional seven fish and seafood dishes, we’ve included some side dishes, a palate cleanser, a dessert, and a cocktail. Recipes from the other participants is at bottom of this post.

Explore the Feast of the Seven Fishes dishes:

Salmon Rillettes from Karen’s Kitchen Stories
Marinated Shrimp Salad from A Healthy Life For Me
Pistachio Crusted Baked Cod from Cravings of a Lunatic
Pasta con le Sarde from Savoring Italy
Tuscan Seafood Stew from Food Done Light
Mixed Seafood Risotto from All Roads Lead to the Kitchen
Linguine with Scallops and Broccoli from Kudos Kitchen By Renee
Brussels Sprouts Risotto from Eats Well With Others
Zuppa Inglese from Christina’s Cucina

Where did the feast of the seven fishes originate?

The Feast of the Seven Fishes on Christmas Eve originates most likely in Sicily or even Naples. My family in Sicily and my in-laws that are Calabrian (but live most of the year in the Lombardy region) don’t make 7 actual courses of seafood.

My one aunt in Sicily will have an antipasto (maybe calamari fritti)and a pasta dish with seafood. My Calabrian mother-in-law on Christmas Eve will usually make an appetizer with salmon, and a seafood pasta.

So it seems the tradition of seven fish dishes carried over with the immigrants and became more of an Italian-American feast. Why exactly the number of 7 fish dishes? The Catholics fast on Christmas Eve and don’t eat meat. They break the fast on this special cena della vigilia (Christmas Eve dinner) with fish.

Why the number seven for the feast of seven fishes?

There are many theories:

It took seven days for God to create the earth, the Bible says.
The number seven also could be representative of the sacraments.
There are also those families where the number three holds more significance than seven, perhaps as it represents the Three Wise Men and the Holy Trinity.

Some Italian families do go all out and make 13 different fish dishes. Twelve of those dishes are representative of the apostles and the last one is for Jesus.

This is a pasta my father used to make and it reminds me of him. It will be my final addition to my #ProjectSicilia. I will attempt next year to be more active in sharing a Sicilian recipe every month. I’m sharing it for my personal record and for my kids to one day look back on and feel connected somehow through a recipe with their Nonno Rosario and their ancestors from the most splendid island in the world: Sicilia.

What seafood do you eat on the feast of the seven fishes?

In my family this is what we enjoy:

baccalà
squid
scungilli
calamari (usually fried)
clams
mussels
a white fish

There are so many dishes and variations, but my mom and dad used to make an appetizer of stuffed clams, also some fried calamari and a mountain of pasta with mixed seafood. One of my best food memories of my parents collaborating in the kitchen was for this festive and delectable evening.

Do you make pasta con le sarde with tomatoes or without?

It depends! I learned that cookbook author Pino Correnti argues that the tomato-less recipe published in 1886 by the folklorist Giuseppe Pitrè is the only authentic version. In my Sicilian family, it has always been made without tomatoes.

Now if we were lucky enough to be in Sicily, it would be no problem to find wild fennel as it grows all over the island. If you can’t get a hold of wild fennel, use the tops of the fennel bulb and the fennel.

How do you make homemade breadcrumbs?

Here is what you need to make your own breadcrumbs:

3-4 slices of bread (whatever you prefer)
2 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil

Preheat the oven to 300°F. Grind the bread up in a food processor. 3-4 slices of bread should yield about 2 cups of bread crumbs. In a large bowl, toss the breadcrumbs with olive oil. Place the breadcrumbs on a baking sheet and toast for about 10 minutes until golden brown (rotate halfway through). Allow the breadcrumbs to cool.

Place the breadcrumbs in the food processor and pulse a few times until the breadcrumbs are finely processed. Store in an airtight container. I keep this batch of breadcrumbs in a plastic container in the fridge and use it up in about a month.

Pasta con le Sarde recipe notes

Pasta con le sarde is typically made with olive oil, onions, pasta and a mixture of sardines and anchovy. I used spaghetti in this recipe, but you could also use bucatini. Fresh pasta would be ideal, as the sauce just sticks better to the pasta.
You flavor the dish up with wild fennel, pine nuts and raisins. It is very nice to add a touch of saffron (optional if you don’t have it available). I like to add a splash of white wine and lemon zest to the sauce.
And I top it off with the nice crunch of my own bread crumbs (it is so easy to grind and toast your own bread crumbs and adds a much better texture than canned bread crumbs, but use store bought bread crumbs if you don’t have your own.

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Some other Sicilian recipes to enjoy:

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